Aspect ratios

How to tell an aspect ratio from a hole in the ground (Updated again and again to reflect the fact that I myself cannot, either)

By May 23, 2011No Comments

So this morn­ing Hollywood Elsewhere’s Jeffrey Wells decided to get all apo­plect­ic, largely because it’s just not a full day for Hollywood Elsewhere’s Jeffrey Wells if he DOESN’T get all apo­plect­ic about some­thing. Seriously, I’m sur­prised the guy does­n’t give him­self a stroke. Or maybe he already HAS giv­en him­self a stroke, and Hollywood Elsewhere is its afteref­fect. In any event, I don’t nor­mally bring my little dif­fer­ences with him here, but it so happened he chose to get apo­plect­ic about some­thing I’m in the middle of examin­ing first hand myself. “It’s only just hit me that Warner Home Video’s Barry Lyndon Bluray…has been masked at 1.85 to 1…storm the bar­ri­cades!” Um, yeah, sure, whatever you say. Lest you won­der just how this “hit” him—something to do with the voices in his head, maybe?—he repro­duces a bit of the liner tech-spec copy, which, sure enough, spe­cifies a 1.85 aspect ratio, where­as Barry Lyndon itself is a 1.66, or some­thing like that. After a bit of oblig­at­ory spittle-flecking (“and I know I’m in the right on this one,” blah, blah blah) Wells goes on to quote one Tyler Williamson, writ­ing on the standard-def DVD release, and wish­ing for “a Blu-ray remas­ter with Barry Lyndon’s 1.59 or 1.66 image (the dif­fer­ence in more or less neg­li­gible, so I don’t really care) in the cen­ter of a 1.78 frame – which is how Blurays handle films with aspect ratios less wide than 1.78. All the 1.66 and 1.37 films on Blu-ray are done this way: Chungking Express, The Third Man, etc.” (The 1.78 frame, incidentally…or really not so incid­ent­ally, when you come down to it—being the nat­ive aspect ratio of your 16:9 displays.) 

And, er, guess what, kids? I actu­ally have the Barry Lyndon Blu-ray, and I’ve actu­ally looked at the image from the disc rather than just what turns out to be the mis­print on the liner specs, and that’s pretty much exactly the way Warner handled the approx­im­ately 1.66:1 frame of Barry Lyndon! I even took some pic­tures off my plasma screen, which I’m present­ing uncropped to give the full effect of the cen­ter­ing. I even took a pic­ture from the Criterion 1.66 Blu-ray of Chungking Express for context/comparison. Hell, I even took a pic­ture from a genu­ine 1.85 Blu-ray, Raging Bull, for comparison/contrast. Check it out!

Barry

Barry Lyndon. Boy, that Leonard Rossiter’s a stitch, huh?

Chungking

Chungking Express. Pay par­tic­u­lar atten­tion to the BLACK BORDERING AROUND THE ACTUAL FRAME! CONCENTRATE!

Bull

Raging Bull. Behold its 1.85 glory.

UPDATE: And by the way, the screen­caps from the BluBrew “sneak peek” that have so many of the fel­las at the Criterion Forum in a tizzy are inac­cur­ate as well. Jesus. 

Thumbbarry2

From the “sneak peek.” I don’t know who the hell cropped this, but he or she…cropped it.

Barry duel

On my dis­play. Note bot­tom of tree. Come on, people. 

So. Hold off on storm­ing those bar­ri­cades, people. While this proves one more unfor­tu­nate “right as usu­al, sir” (see the paddle­ball scene in Blazing Saddles) moment for Wells, the news is good for Blu-ray-ready cinephiles, who may buy Barry Lyndon with rel­at­ive con­fid­ence in the integ­rity of its aspect ratio.

FURTHER UPDATE (5÷24÷11): Well, this has been enlight­en­ing. And embar­rass­ing. Prompted by the obser­va­tions of sev­er­al com­menters, most prom­in­ently the one who calls him­self “The Fanciful Norwegian,” I have been look­ing into just how a 1.66 image resolves itself into a 1.66 image on my own per­son­al dis­play, a Hitachi P50V701 50-inch plasma. The Norwegian, cit­ing the dis­play from Chungking Express among oth­er things, sug­ges­ted a cal­ib­ra­tion issue. Well, the good news is I’m not sure that my set needs recal­ib­rat­ing. The bad news is that I’ve often been using the incor­rect set­ting to watch my Blu-rays.

The P50V701 has two set­tings for “16:9 Standard.” One would assume that the first one, “16:9 Standard 1,” would be the most accur­ate. But no. According to the own­er­’s manu­al, “Use this aspect mode to dis­play 16:9 sources…preserving the ori­gin­al aspect ratio show­ing 95% of the size.” Say what? Yeah, 95%. Hence the prob­lem on the Chungking Express frame cited below by the frivol­ous one, not to men­tion the paucity of black bars on the side of the screen. As it hap­pens, quite coun­ter­in­tu­it­ively in my opin­ion, it is the “16:9 Standard 2” set­ting that is “pre­serving the ori­gin­al 16:9 aspect ratio show­ing 100% of the size.” Now sorry to put up blurry shots of a TV screen one more time, but here’s the Chungking on said dis­play in “16:9 Standard 2,” now show­ing more light­bulbs and more indic­a­tions of its 1.66 aspect ratio:

CE correct

And here’s Barry Lyndon, in, yes, 1.78:1, goddammit.

BL correct

My apo­lo­gies to you all and par­tic­u­larly to the BluBrew people (although, yeah, what Joel E. said, too; also, why crop your thumb­nails so severely, I won­der?), but none to my frenemy Mr. Wells, who went off even more half cocked than I, what with going from box copy rather than the disc itself. As dis­agree­able as 1.78 is, it still isn’t 1.85. And this story isn’t over yet. As it hap­pens I’m inter­view­ing Leon Vitali, a keep­er of the Kubrick flame, tomor­row, and this issue will be on the agenda. Stay tuned…

No Comments

  • Oliver_C says:

    As an aside, I’d long noticed the porcine-themed ‘Animal Farm’ poster behind Takeshi Kaneshiro in ‘Chungking Express’ but only just now has it struck me that the oth­er act­or in this scene is called… PIGGY Chan.

  • Michael Dempsey says:

    Very happy to learn that the sub­lime “Barry Lyndon”, Stanley Kubrick’s supreme achieve­ment and my own favor­ite film, has come through the Blu-Ray pro­cess undiminished.
    As for Leonard Rossiter, I think his char­ac­ter­iz­a­tion of the twis­ted, cow­ardly, weirdly intense Captain John Quin (aptly sum­mar­ized in the frame above) is fant­ast­ic­ally witty but also, at moments,(“I nev­er was more in earn­est”) genu­inely affecting.

  • Scott Nye says:

    Thanks for clear­ing this up, Glenn, and for being the bear­er of good news. I don’t know where the oth­er screen­caps came from, but I’d be dis­hon­est if I said they did­n’t send me into a mild pan­ic. I’d be buy­ing the Blu either way, because I’m not ter­ribly pre­dict­able in how I spend my money except where Terrence Malick and Barry Lyndon are con­cerned, but it’s good to know I’ll finally have the ver­sion I’ve been wait­ing the bet­ter part of a dec­ade for.
    As long as we’re here, how’s the image look? Your pho­tos are encour­aging, but as these things go, I know they don’t tell the whole story.

  • Jaime says:

    Smoke, meet gun. Nicely done, sir.

  • BluBrew says:

    In ref­er­ence to our web­site, you seem to have over­looked the fact that you have pos­ted a thumb­nail of our art­icle, used as part of our lay-out. If you would have care­fully examined the art­icle, you would have noticed the full screen­shots near the bot­tom of the art­icle – these have not been cropped.
    Furthermore, the aspect-ratio on this release is 1.78:1, and I don’t see any way to dis­pute this – cer­tainly not by post­ing blurry pho­tos of a tele­vi­sion set.
    Kind regards,
    A BluBrew administrator.

  • The Siren says:

    Just pop­ping in to say this was hilarious.
    And beat­ing a hasty retreat, before someone chal­lenges you to plasma screens at twenty paces and I get named as your second. Blu-Rays for two, break­fast for one…

  • Glenn Kenny says:

    To a BluBrew admin­is­trat­or: Some com­menters on the Criterion Forum have been using the thumb­nails for ref­er­ence as well, which may be where some mis­un­der­stand­ing comes in.
    “I don’t see any way to dis­pute this—certainly not by post­ing blurry pho­tos of a tele­vi­sion set.” Wow, that hurt. Except one actu­ally watches discs on a tele­vi­sion set, is the thing. And if I get out my tape meas­ure, I can mark off the points of the bor­ders wherein the pic­ture is recessed, in the man­ner of the “Chungking Express” disc. If the “Chungking Express” disc, too, is 1.78:1 rather than 1.66 as advert­ised, then we’ve got some­thing to take up with Criterion. Kind regards right back to you.

  • Stan says:

    I too have the disc to hand and can con­firm what Glen is say­ing. God god knows what Wells and BluBrew are going on about.

  • Pinko Punko says:

    GK,
    I’m not sure you know the answer to this. Is the J. Wells we see revealed now, well since ~2008, the same J. Wells as always, only it just was­n’t appar­ent, it is this an evol­u­tion of J. Wells?
    I’m not being facetious. Do you even know? As the go to in the con­trari­an Wells contrarianism- and there is clearly a ver­sion of him in your head that for which you ima­gine responses to vari­ous things- I mean who doesn’t- san­dal wear­ers, loud laugh­ers, party ele­phants, people walk­ing excep­tion­ally duck like, troll-like state­ments of abso­lute truth about obvi­ously sub­ject­ive stuff, hyper­bol­ic language- they all bring JW to mind- what is the deal on him? Can you at least jok­ingly in your mind con­ceive of a Première Arnold-style full dis­clos­ure non-hit piece “hit piece” about JW?
    An audi­ence of a few dozen (or more?????) would be fascinated.

  • The Fanciful Norwegian says:

    Comparing the full BluBrew cap­ture of the duel shot to your pho­to­graph, the BluBrew image is actu­ally less cropped – the dif­fer­ence is espe­cially notice­able on the right side, but the frame in your photo is miss­ing inform­a­tion on all four sides. Does the shot have a zoom or dolly that would explain the fram­ing dif­fer­ences between the two pic­tures? If not, the only oth­er explan­a­tions are a) BluBrew actu­ally has a dif­fer­ent disc with a dif­fer­ent encode and dif­fer­ent fram­ing (the­or­et­ic­ally pos­sible if they have a review copy, but not likely), or b) there’s a cal­ib­ra­tion issue here. BluBrew’s cap­tures would’ve been taken dir­ectly from the actu­al video stream as encoded on the disc, so the fram­ing in their caps is def­in­itely an accur­ate rep­res­ent­a­tion of what’s on their copy.

  • Glenn Kenny says:

    @The Fanciful Norwegian: The shot is sta­tion­ary. It’s the open­ing shot of the film, depict­ing the duel in which the title char­ac­ter­’s fath­er is killed. The set is a Hitachi 50-inch plasma dis­play with…aha, two dif­fer­ent “16×9 stand­ard” aspect ratio set­tings, one and two. I had it on the first for the shot. In the second set­ting there’s a bit of a zoom-out effect, that is, more pic­ture inform­a­tion is revealed. However, the actu­al fram­ing remains the same.

  • Joel E says:

    Glenn, you’re always going to be ask­ing for it from the AV nerds if you’re post­ing this pho­tos of your TV as some sort of proof of the aspect ratio. They’re not even in prop­er per­spect­ive, and hon­estly I can­’t see what you’re try­ing to illus­trate by show­ing vari­ous stills from vari­ous discs. No offense, but the pho­tos are so dark and lo-res I can­’t really tell if there’s any dif­fer­ence in aspect ratio between the examples.
    Regardless, I went over to BluBrew (ser­i­ously guys, who came up with that site name?) and their screen grab (http://blubrew.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/barrylyndon1.jpg) def­in­itely meas­ures to 1.78:1 and it appears to be cropped sim­il­ar to your example, so it cer­tainly looks like the BluBrew review­er is correct.
    But ser­i­ously, “BluBrew?”

  • Glenn Kenny says:

    Well, Joel, as I said, I’m not gonna mark up the front of my dis­play with crop marks. The shots are not AV-nerd qual­ity, no, and that’s kind of the point; they’re off of a screen, as one might actu­ally see if one were watch­ing a disc on a dis­play. I don’t have much of a prob­lem dis­cern­ing the “Raging Bull” still as slightly wider than the two shots inten­ded to be illus­trat­ive of a 1.66 frame, but maybe I’ve been look­ing at them too long or some­thing. I’m say­ing two things: as seen on my per­son­al dis­play, the pic­ture of a disc that was erro­neously labeled as being 1.85 matches up per­fectly, framing-wise, with a disc that is I pre­sume accur­ately labeled 1.66. Now there are dif­fer­ent ways of achiev­ing the 1.66 ratio. There’s the one cited by Williamson, which cen­ters the image. That’s what the “Lyndon” disc looks like to me. There’s black space sur­round­ing the frame that isn’t there on the left and right sides of the screen when play­ing the 2.35 disc of “The Holy Mountain” on one hand, and isn’t on the tops and bot­toms of the frames of the 1.33 (as opposed to 1.37 ratio) disc of “Diabolique.” The argu­ments of the BluBrew guys are com­pel­ling, and I’m always para­noid about mak­ing a strong state­ment and then being proven defin­it­ively wrong, but I know what I’m see­ing. “Lyndon” is NOT a 1.85 image as Wells states without even hav­ing looked at the disc, that’s a cer­tainty. I eagerly await the DVD Beaver review (and yes, I know that won’t neces­sar­ily please every­one either).

  • James R says:

    All I care about is that someone at Warners finally real­ised that, since they man­aged to reis­sue A Clockwork Orange at 1.66 ana­morph­ic, there was no reas­on why they should­n’t finally do the same for Barry Lyndon. Hopefully, though, they’ve also seen fit to make it 1) sep­ar­ately avail­able and 2) on DVD as well as Blu for the HD-incapable (and scep­tics) like me.

  • Homer J says:

    The bluray of Barry Lyndon is hein­ously cropped to 1.78, even though Kubrick expressly spe­cified a 1.66:1 aspect ratio. The com­pos­i­tions are irre­triev­ably harmed by the crop­ping – just look at the your first pho­to­graph, the top of the solider­’s hat is miss­ing on the left.
    Overscan on your TV set is cov­er­ing up the black­bars on Chungking Express, etc – this does­n’t mean that the bars aren’t there. This simply isn’t the way to handle screen­grabs. BUT if you really want, then why not try com­par­ing to the Barry Lyndon DVD and you will soon see how much is missing.
    This is an arbit­rary and dis­respect­ful move by Warners and leaves me with no desire what­so­ever to pur­chase the Bluray.

  • david hare says:

    Barry Lyndon was shown on HDNet in 720p at 1.66 ratio over a year ago. I had assumed this was the same tele­cine Warner is using for the BluRay, but I dont have a copy of the BD yet. I would be amazed if they cropped it but stand­ards at Warner HV have sunk to an all time low, viz the débâcle with the forth­com­ing Kane BD which includes Ambersons as an SD after­thought. In any case I can post caps of the HD broad­cast if you want. Glenn, can you give a timeline for the grab of the sol­diers above?
    Wells has a ser­i­ous atten­tion defi­cit prob­lem. And I hope this is the issue here, but the guys from Blubrew have me worried.

  • Jeff McMahon says:

    Heaven save us from the aspect ratio queens and their hys­ter­ics. You guys do under­stand blu-rays are a priv­ilege and not a right?

  • >Heaven save us from the aspect ratio queens and their hys­ter­ics. You guys do under­stand blu-rays are a priv­ilege and not a right?
    I sup­pose in a sense all home video is “a priv­ilege and not a right” (at any rate, I can­’t find any­thing about it in the Constitution), but I don’t see how that in any sense inval­id­ates a gen­er­al desire to be able to watch movies in the highest pos­sible qual­ity and as close as pos­sible to how the dir­ect­or would have liked them to be seen (allow­ing for the intrins­ic com­plex­ity of this concept in cer­tain instances).

  • Glenn, I really hate to be the bear­er of bad news, and I’d love it if you were right about this…
    …but the sad fact is that my own copy of the British Blu-ray, which I assume is identic­al to the US Blu-ray, is 100% def­in­itely framed at 1.78:1/16:9. I’ve checked and triple-checked my dis­play set­tings, and I’m afraid there’s no doubt about this. 1.66:1 films play with unmis­tak­able black bars at the sides, and this one doesn’t.
    The one smidgen of upbeat news is that fram­ing it at 1.78:1 is only half as destruct­ive as fram­ing it in 1.85:1 would have been – but there’s no doubt that it should be 1.66:1. In fact, it’s just about the only post-‘2001’ Kubrick where there’s no ser­i­ous debate over the aspect ratio.

  • The Fanciful Norwegian says:

    On a hunch, I dug out my own copy of “Chungking Express” and checked it out on my own cal­ib­rated dis­play. I’m pretty sure I found the exact frame pho­to­graphed above (not the easi­est feat in a hand­held shot like that), and…hate to be the bear­er of bad news, Glenn, but your setup is crop­ping the pic­ture. In this com­par­is­on the left and right sides look the same, but your shot is miss­ing a little bit on the bot­tom and the top is heav­ily cropped, with two small light bulbs almost entirely cropped out (you can see a tiny rem­nant of one along the edge of the screen). If you’re ser­i­ous about get­ting the full image as actu­ally encoded on the disc, you should look into hav­ing your gear pro­fes­sion­ally cal­ib­rated, because as it stands you seem to be los­ing a decent chunk of the picture.

  • Lex says:

    There is no humanly dis­cern­ible, remotely give-a-shit dif­fer­ence between 1.66, 1.78, and 1.85. There just isn’t. Movies that aren’t shot in Scope might as well just be on HBO filling my TV screen entirely, because it’s not like a movie shot in 1.85 or any­thing squarer has any par­tic­u­lar eyes on the prize of GREAT COMPOSITION.
    Dudes, at that point IT’S A BOX. Oh, look REPULSION’s in 1.66 and not 1.33, I can see one extra quarter-inch sliv­er of geography!
    If it’s not in 2.35:1, it’s a BOX and it does­n’t mat­ter, might as well be 1.33.
    Zardoz has spoken. And Zardoz, of course, is a movie in a REAL aspect ratio with beau­ti­ful com­pet­i­tions. Not half-assed, hack­ville 1.66, which DESERVES to be compromised.

  • markj says:

    I’m glad i’ve held onto my remastered Kubrick DVDs from 2001 (the year, not the film). I don’t know if it’s just me but Lyndon, The Shining, Full Metal Jacket and Eyes Wide Shut just look right to my eyes in those ver­sions, espe­cially The Shining as it’s ‘Presented in the full aspect ratio of the ori­gin­al cam­era neg­at­ive, as Stanley Kubrick intended.’
    Can’t go wrong there.

  • Oliver_C says:

    I seem to remem­ber Vilmos Zsigmond, on ‘The Deer Hunter’ DVD com­ment­ary, offer­ing an avun­cu­lar and intel­li­gent argu­ment that, if he had his way, every movie should be shot in 2.35:1.
    Lex, you’re no Vilmos Zsigmond.

  • Has Lex ever seen a film by Sergei Eisenstein, Fritz Lang, Yasujiro Ozu or Orson Welles? I always thought they were pretty good when it came to image com­pos­i­tion, but clearly that’s just me being deluded. As indeed were they for not jump­ing at the chance to shoot wider than 4:3 when CinemaScope was introduced.
    (Not that Eisenstein had much choice, but the oth­ers did).

  • BluBrew says:

    Glenn, we’d like to thank you for your rectification.
    Looking back, we were a bit too harsh in com­ment­ing on your findings.
    Kind regards,
    The Blubrew team (yes Blubrew, seriously)
    🙂

  • Glenn Kenny says:

    @ Blubrew team: No, you guys were right. I was com­ing on like a bull in a china shop and I was wrong, so I earned the slap­down. I hear reck­on­ing is on its way from Wells, too. THAT I will not stand…

  • Callum says:

    Sir, the Barry Lyndon aspect ratio is not Kubrick’s preffered aspect ratio. The tops and bot­toms are cropped, the sides expanded.

  • Monk says:

    There is no humanly dis­cern­ible, remotely give-a-shit dif­fer­ence between 1.66, 1.78, and 1.85.”
    So wrong Lex. Check how crappy The Shining looks on bluray…
    http://i51.tinypic.com/a5cltv.jpg

  • Michael says:

    LYNDON is 1.59:1 – and no, it’s not okay to crop artists hard work just to fit fuckin’ homescreens (while it was okay with the last 3 Kubricks – since those were com­posed primar­ily for 1.85:1)

  • Homer J says:

    Glenn, yes, you must get com­ment from Vitali on this issue! And, if pos­sible, an under­tak­ing to take it up with WHV.
    As for folks like ‘Lex’, I find it amaz­ing that one still has to make the case for OAR in 2011! The OAR of Barry Lyndon is and always has been 1.66:1, WHV screwed up, the disc needs to be with­drawn and re-issued, case closed.

  • JC says:

    It’s unfor­tu­nate that Warners isn’t offer­ing the cor­rect (1.66:1 or 1.59:1, whatever it is) ratio for Barry Lyndon, but can we at least be glad that the Blu-ray is ana­morph­ic? ‘Cause the most recent DVD sure as hell wasn’t.

  • Jay G. says:

    JC, there’s no such thing as “ana­morph­ic enhance­ment” for Blu-rays. The 16:9 frame is the stand­ard for 1080p HD mater­i­al, and every Blu-ray release has to fit their image with­in this frame. So it was pretty much a giv­en that Barry Lyndon would be in 1080p HD when the Blu-ray was announced. However, many expec­ted it to be presen­ted in a pil­lar­boxed 1.66:1 format, like the Clockwork Orange and Lolita Blu-rays are.